Scholars have attempted to construct a critical edition, relying mostly on a study of the "Bombay" edition, the "Poona" edition, the "Calcutta" edition and the "south Indian" editions of the manuscripts. The differences between the Northern and Southern recensions are particularly significant, with the Southern manuscripts more profuse and longer. Except for the sections containing the Bhagavad Gita which is remarkably consistent between the numerous manuscripts, the rest of the epic exists in many versions. The Mahabharata manuscripts exist in numerous versions, wherein the specifics and details of major characters and episodes vary, often significantly. The oldest parts in the surviving version of the text probably date to about 400 BCE. The work is written in Classical Sanskrit and is a composite work of revisions, editing and interpolations over many centuries. The story of Arjuna is told in the Mahabharata, one of the Sanskrit epics from the Indian subcontinent. Kṛīṣḥṇā – He who is of dark complexion and conducts great purity.Gandivadhari – holder of a bow named Gandiva.Mahabahu – one with large and strong arms.Phalguna – born under the star Uttara Phalguni ( Denebola in Leo).Jishnu – triumphant, conqueror of enemies.Kiriti – one who wears the celestial diadem presented by the King of Gods, Indra.Bībhatsu – one who always fights wars in a fair, stylish and terrific manner and never does anything horrible in the war.Shvethavāhana – one with milky white horses mounted to his pure white chariot.Savyasachi – one who can shoot arrows using the right and the left hand with equal activity Ambidextrous.Vijaya – always victorious, invincible and undefeatable.Dhanañjaya – one who conquered wealth and gold.He is known by many other names, such as: Arjuna was the fourth one to fall on the way.Īccording to Monier Monier-Williams, the word Arjuna means white, clear or silver. At the end of the epic, Pandavas, accompanied by Draupadi, retired to the Himalayas. Despite being an Elite class warrior an Ace Archer, Arjuna was also skilled in music and dance. During his second exile, Arjuna gained many celestial weapons. From his four wives, Arjuna had four sons, one from each wife - Shrutakarma, Iravan, Babhruvahana and Abhimanyu. Some notable incidents during the first exile were Arjuna's marriages with princesses Ulupi, Chitrāngadā and Subhadra. Arjuna is twice exiled, first for breaking a pact with his brothers and secondly together with them when his oldest brother was tricked into gambling away the throne. Arjuna is depicted as a skilled archer, winning the hands of Draupadi, who married the five brothers because of Kunti's misunderstanding and Mahadeva boons.
From childhood, Arjuna was a brilliant student and was favoured by his beloved teacher, Drona. Īrjuna was born when Indra, the god of rain, blessed Kunti and Pandu with a son. Before the beginning of the war, his mentor, Krishna, gave him the supreme knowledge of Bhagavad Gita to overcome his moral dilemmas. In the Mahabharata War, Arjuna was a key warrior from the Pandava side and slew many warriors including Karna. The family formed part of the royal line of the Kuru Kingdom. In the epic, he is the third among Pandavas, the five sons of Pandu. Arjuna ( Sanskrit: अर्जुन, IAST: Arjuna), also known as Partha and Dhananjaya, is one of the major characters of the Indian epic Mahabharata and also appears in other ancient Hindu texts including the Bhagavata Purana.
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